Actitudes frente a la donación de órganos en población adulta de Chiclayo, Perú, 2025

Attitudes towards organ donation in the adult population of Chiclayo, Peru, 2025

Resumen

Objective: To determine the psychological, social, and demographic factors associated with attitudes
toward organ donation in Chiclayo, 2025. Materials and Methods: Observational, analytical, cross
sectional, and prospective study. A total of 421 adults from Chiclayo (aged 18–59) were surveyed using two validated instruments: Questionnaire on the psychological and social factors of attitudes toward organ donation and Questionnaire on attitudes toward organ donation. Results: The predominant attitude was indifferent (43.7%), followed by unfavorable (33.5%) and favorable (22.8%). Among psychological factors, a high level of altruism (81.5%; 95%CI: 77.6–85) was associated with a higher likelihood of a favorable attitude (p<0.001). Regarding social factors, low religious influence increased the probability of a favorable attitude (APR=2.55; 95%CI: 1.27–5.12; p=0.008), whereas medium family influence reduced this probability compared to high influence (APR=0.59; 95%CI: 0.42–0.84; p=0.004). No significant association was found with myths and beliefs (p=0.198). Among demographic factors, females showed a higher probability of a favorable attitude (30%) than males (15.6%) (APR=1.58; 95%CI: 1.1–2.26; p=0.012). Although religion as a demographic variable did not show a significant association (p=0.274), neither Jehovah’s Witnesses nor Mormons reported a favorable attitude. Conclusion: Attitudes toward organ donation are influenced by a complex interaction of psychological, social, and demographic factors. These findings highlight the need to
comprehensively address the determinants of attitudes toward organ donation in social and cultural contexts such as that of Chiclayo.