Adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar sensible, Lambayeque, Perú

Adherence to treatment in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis, Lambayeque, Peru

Resumen

Objective: To analyze the factors influencing adherence to antituberculosis treatment among patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in primary health care centers in Lambayeque and Chiclayo during 2024. Materials and methods: This was a quantitative, observational, analytical, cross-sectional, and prospective study. The final population consisted of 123 patients with drugsusceptible pulmonary tuberculosis, selected according to the prevalence of cases in specific provinces. The structured survey Factors Influencing Adherence to Antituberculosis Treatment was
used to measure the variables related to associated factors and treatment adherence. Results: The median age of participants was 36 years (IQR: 25–56); 64.2 % were male, and the overall adherence rate reached 81.3%. Most participants were from Chiclayo (66.7 %), were unemployed (91,1 %), belonged to socioeconomic level E (97.6%), and had completed secondary education (67.4 %). The median number of pills taken daily was 4 (IQR: 4–8). In the multivariate analysis, the only variable significantly associated with non-adherence to treatment was alcohol and/or drug use (RPa = 3.23; 95 % CI: 1.54–6.77; p = 0.002). Conclusion: Alcohol and drug use increase the likelihood of nonadherence by more than threefold compared with adherent patients.