Seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a la toxoplasmosis en mujeres en edad reproductiva, Bolivia, 2025

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis in women of reproductive age, Bolivia, 2025

Resumen

Objective: Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii that mainly affects women of reproductive age and can lead to severe fetal complications during pregnancy. Objective: To determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of toxoplasmosis in women of reproductive age at the Adventist University of Bolivia. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was conducted with 160 women. The indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) was used to detect antibodies against T. gondii, and a structured survey identified risk factors. Pearson’s chi-square test was applied with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The seroprevalence was 36.9%. The 16–26 age group showed the highest positivity rate (p = 0.003). Living with cats was
the only factor significantly associated with infection (p = 0.003). Other factors, such as eating undercooked meat or contact with soil, showed no statistical relationship. Conclusion: The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis is moderate among young university women. Strengthening health education and promoting preventive measures regarding food hygiene and responsible pet management are recommended.