Factores asociados al cumplimiento del tratamiento antituberculoso en dos distritos de Chiclayo, Perú

Factors associated with compliance with antituberculosis treatment in two districts of Chiclayo, Peru

Resumen

Objective: To determine adherence to antituberculosis treatment and associated factors in two districts of Chiclayo, Peru, during 2019 and 2020. Materials and methods: A retrospective, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted with 314 patients treated at health centers in the districts of José Leonardo Ortiz and La Victoria. Treatment indicators and epidemiological and clinical variables were collected from medical records. Results: The median age of the study population was 34 years, and the majority were male (64.0%). Averaging both years, the most frequent treatment indicator was "cured" at 58.0%, followed by "completed" at 38.0%. Furthermore, the rate of "completed" treatment in 2019 and 2020 was 36.5% and 26.3%, respectively (p=0.076). Readmission status (p=0.002; RPa=2.27; 1.33–3.87) was the variable most associated with the highest frequency of treatment completion. Conclusion: On average, no more than four out of ten patients completed their antituberculosis treatment in the studied districts; furthermore, a decrease in this indicator was observed during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Strengthening adherence strategies is suggested for disease control and to contain the spread of antituberculosis resistance.