Percepción de imagen corporal y calidad de vida en mujeres mastectomizadas en un hospital de Chiclayo, Perú

Body image perception and quality of life in mastectomized women at a hospital in Chiclayo, Peru

Resumen

Objective: To determine the association between body image perception and quality of life in mastectomized women at the Lambayeque Regional Hospital, between June 2021 and June 2023. Materials and methods: A prospective, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted, with the participation of 120 mastectomized patients attending the gynecological-oncology clinic. Quality of life was measured using the SF-36 Health Questionnaire (version 2) and body image perception using the Body Image Perception Scale, both validated instruments. Results: The majority of patients were older than 50 years, had secondary education, were self-employed,
had undergone mastectomy more than 3 years prior, received combination therapy, and lacked psychological support. 80.8% had an unfavorable perception of their body image, and 32.5% reported poor quality of life. Furthermore, no significant association was observed between body image perception and poor quality of life (aPR: 1.29; p: 0.278); however, factors such as educational level (aPR: 2.69; p: 0.01), occupation (aPR: 0.18; p: <0.001), adjuvant treatment received (aPR: 0.17; p: <0.001), and psychological support (aPR: 2.99; p: <0.001) were shown to have a greater association with their quality of life. Conclusion: Body image perception was not significantly associated with quality of life. The results suggest the importance of a comprehensive approach to cancer care,
combining physical rehabilitation, emotional support, and social reintegration strategies.